Method of and apparatus for treating yarn



March 2 1926. 1,574,785 J. BRANDwooD Er Al.`

METHOD 0F AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING YAR'N 'Filed July 12. A1922 2 sheets-sheet 1 f im lllmun mun-umm..."

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y lll l March 2 1926. 1,574,785

J. BRANDWOOD ET Al.

SiE-THOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING YARN Filed July 12, 1922 2 sheets-sheet 2 I i i 56 /6 37/ 59 l M /7/ 36 /24 33 Z6 R- g :PL I 'l i i 1' 2: Z3 73 E' n" IN VEN TORS JOHN BIM/YDW JOSEPH BHW/YDWOO mam A TTORNEYS Patented 4Mar. 2, 1926.

UNITED STATES 1,574,785 PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN BRANDWQOD AND JOSEPH BRANDWOOD, F BUBY, ENGLAND.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TBEATING YARN.

Application :tiled July 12, 1922. Serial No. 574,498.

To ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN BRANnWoon and JOSEPH BRANDWOOD, subjects of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing 5 at Bury, inthe county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of and Apparatus for Treating Yarn, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates particularly to the art of drying yarn which is bleached or dyed on a beam, such for instance as disclosed in our prior Patent No. 1,211,068, and includes both a method of 'and apparatus for drying the yarn.

Beams of this character usually contain from 300 to 500 individual ends or threads, and it is customary to size and dry the yarn after the dyeing or bleaching 4operation in the open width vor sheet by winding the yarn off one or more beams over cylinders or through drying chambers, and then `rewind'- ing the yarn either on one or more beams or on bobbins, quills or the like. This method is satisfactory where the yarn is to be put on a weavers beam for the warp of the loom, since in that case the yarn is drawn simultaneously from a number of beams.l and consequently the sheet passing through the drying operation contains in the aggregate a large number of threads and is therefore sufficiently strong to withstand they strains to which it is subjected. It' for instance each beam should be 54 inches long and should contain 432 individual threads andyarn should be dried simultaneously from beams, the sheet from each beam would have 8 threads to the inch but the composite sheet from the 10 beams would have 80 threads to the inch which would afi'ord sufficient tensile strength to permit of the necessary pull being exerted on the sheet to dry, size and rewind it without breakage.

This'method, however, is not practical where the yarn is to be used for quilling, i. e., for the filling or weft of the loom. For that purpose each individual thread is separated and wound on a quill or bobbin by a quilling machine` and it is not possible, at least with any quilling machines in common use, to quill more than three or four hundred threads simultaneously. Therefore yarn from only one beam at a time can 5 be sized, dried and quiued, and the sheet in its open width from the single beamfas 1t passes through the drying operation is so tenuous and fragilev that there is much `breakage of the yarn, making the operation slow and expensive. It is manifest that the same problem is present where only a small quantity of warp yarn is required and therefore yarn from only one or two dye beams is'to be dried andbeamed.

Various methods have heretofore been proposed for overcoming this diziculty, such, for instance, as quilling the yarn while wet and subsequently drying it on the quills, but all of these have proved to be I slow and expensive and otherwise unsatisfactory. 4

An object of our invention is to provide a method and apparatus for overcoming these diiculties which will enable the dry-` ing to be done. very rapidly and cheaply and will relieve the yarn of strain and eliminate breakage vof the yarn, while delivering the yarn in the most convenient form for quilling or rebeaming.

In accordance with our invention we contract the yarn as it comes olf from the dye beam and before4 drying into a comp-act or narrow band or belt having as much strength per unit of width as has the widel sheet composed of the yarn from several 95 beams which is to be used for the warp of the loom. This enables the yarn from a single dye beam to be expeditiously dried without risk of breakage and at a minimumof cost. In the drying operation the yarn is usually run over heated cylinders known a's dry-l ing cans which are usually of substantially the same width asv the dye beams in order to accommodate a full width or uncontracted sheet of yarn. In order to utilize the full width of the surface of the drying cans our method contemplates passing the contracted band of yarn in a spiral or serpentine manner over the. drying cans. Preferably it. passes in an opposite direction over the successive cans so ias to bring its two sides alternately toward the heated surface and facilitating quick and even drying.

It two cylinders are used they will be driven in opposite directions, and suitable guides will be provided to cause the colls to travel longitudinally of the cans as rapidly as they are being unwound from one end and wouno. on the other end of the cans. 110

For contractingthe sheet of yarn into the narrow band, a suitable eye or guide of proper width may be employed, or for the finer .numbers of yarn an expansion comb of usual construction may be used. l

After drying, the yarn may be delivered to ka folding mechanism of any standard type and folded and stored away ready for quilling if required forlilling, or it may be reexpanded and rebea'med on to a section beam in a single sheet `or in sectional sheets.

An advantage of our method and apparatus is the fact that the yarn from two dye beams may be treated at one time, the two bands being spirally Wound from opposite ends ofthe drying cams to the middle without interference. Our invention has other objects and advantages, and includes other features and details of construction, as will hereinafter more fully appear'. We will no-w describe the operation of our improved method with the aid of the illustrated apparatus and will thereafter vention in claims.. y

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an apparatus adapted for carrying out ourmethod;

Fig. 2 is a plan of the same;

Fig. 3 is a rear end elevation of the same;

Fig. 4 is a sectional detail of the folding mechanism taken on line 4-4 of Figure 3;

Fig. 5 is a plan of a warping machine idapted "to reexpand and rebeam the dried iarn in accordanceiwith our method.

In the illustrated apparatus, yarn \from r two dye beams, 1 and 2, is shown as being simultaneously dried. .Before passing through the drying operatio'msuch as running through a drying cylinderor running over or around drying cylinders` the yarn 1s contracted-from the full width 'sheetinto the narrow bands c and f, respectively.. In the construction shown, the yarn from the beam 1 'is run through 'a suitable narrow guide,-

uch as-a porcelain eye 3, .in orderyto contract it into-band 0, while the same result is eifectedwith the yarn 'from the'beam'2 by running it through an expansion comb 4 of usual construction. vAs above stated, the

eye 3 will be employedj except for the finey numbers of yarn with which lthe expansion comb may more advantageously beV used.

From the guides 34 and 4, the yarn is wound spirally or in serpentine fashion over and around one .or more drying cans or cylinders. In the illustrated construction there Aare two such drying cans 5 and 6 disposed in the same horizontal plane and both having their bearings supported on suitable frames or standards 7 and 8.- These drying cans are positlvely driven in opposite directions, as'lndicated by arrows. 4As shown', a

belt 9, driven from any suitable source of power, drives 'a pulley 10 on oneendl of the shaft for the drymg can 6, and the two drymg lcans are geared together by gear wheels 11 and 12 on the cans 5 and 6, respectively. The drying cans are heated in any usual or suitable y manner, as by steam entering through pipe 175, the branches of which pass through the hollow bearings of the drying cans..

To guide the coils of the yarn along the drying cans 5 and 6, suitable guides, such as porcelain eyes 14 are provided in a vertically -disposed board 15 supported between the cans 5 and 6 by brackets from the frame elements 7 and In the arrangement shown in the drawings, the two bands of yarn o and f are wound, respectively, from the left andy right ends of the drying cans to their" center, whence they pass to a suitable folding mechanism or to an expanding deyice and thence vto afwarping machine for rebeaming. The two contracted bands c and f pass from their,

guides 3 andy 4 preferably over a roller as shown and thence underneath the iirst drying can 5and thence rearwardly through the first eyes 14 and over the drying can 6 in the opposite direction` land thence forwardly through the second eyes 14 and thence over the drying'can 5, and so on, until the middle ofthe drying cans is reached. In this manner it willl be observed that the two 'sides of the bands are alternately 'brought in contact with the drying surfaces, and the parte c lUU having two side members 16 and 17 connecte af their bottom byarod 18 and nivoted-'at their upper ends on ashaft 19 whichhe'ars in the ends of horizontal arms 20 vand 21` bolted at their innerends to the frame members 7 and 8. respectively.

The sh ft 19 h as on its end adiacent th?.A arm 20 a pullev 22, and a pullev 23 is fixed on the shaft of the drying can 6 just insidel ,the pullev 10 and is connected to pulley 22 by belt 24. In this manner continuous rotation is imparted to the shaft 19. Also the hanger is oscillated by the crank and -pitman construction illustrated on the opposite side of the machine. A pulley 25 on the `end of shaft 19 is connected by belt 26 to a pulley 27 the shaft of which bears in arm 2l. .and has on its inner end a crank disc 28 carrying an adjustable crank 29 which crank is connected by pitman 30 vto side member 17 of the hanger. '1 i The shaft 19 is provided at its center with two pulleys 31 and 32 fixed on the shaft, and in the lower ends of the oscillatory arms 16 and 17 bears a transverse shaft 33 parallel to the shaft 19 which has'iixed to its middle portion two pulleys 34 and 35 directly underneath the pulleys 31 and 32, andwhichis driven by a belt 44 which passes over pulley 45 in shaft 19 and over pulley 46 on shaft 33. The two shafts 19 and 33 are con-nected by two braces 36 and 37 disposed justaoutside the two pairs of pulleys, and these braces are provided with vertically elongated slots immediately above the pulleys 34 and 35 in which bear' two idler rollers 38 and 39 resting by gravity upon the pulleys 34 and 35.

In the operation of the folder, the bands o and f are passed over the pulleys 31 and 32 and thence brought inwardly around thc rollers 38 and39 and passed between these rollers and the pulleys 34 and 35. It is apparent that as the apparatus is driven, the folding frame will be oscillated and the yarn laid in folds of determined length in the usual way.

The relative rate of movement of the posi`- tively driven drying cans and of the folding mechanism is such that the yarn is fed to the folding mechanism just as fast as it is required without any undue strain upon the yarn-`at any point, and the folding motion will preferably lead just suiiiciently to keep the yarn taut. e l

If the yarn is required in small quantities for warp yarns, it may be taken through an expanding comb after leaving the dryer and run back to the section beam in the manner illustrated in Figure 5. After the drying operation, the band '0, for instance, may pass through an eyelet '40 and thence be brought back to its original width and fed to a warping machine. Thismachine is of the usual type, but will be positively driven and provided with friction or cone speed regulation in order that the speed ofthe warper may be varied at will by the operator. From the porcelain eye 40', the dry yarn passes over a warper 41 of well known' design and thence through an expansion comb 42 onto the section beams 43. The section beam is made by mounting wooden blocks of the required length and this section beam is positively driven in the warper. In

.between veach wooden block is mounted`a thin metal disk of suitable diameter in order to insure the thorough separation of threads of each section and cause each sectionto be.

built up independently.

' It will be understood that after the yarn is dried and rebeamed in this manner, the sections can be drawn off the rod, the disks removed, and each section of yarn will re main firm and solid, and will not collapse,

and the threads will not'become disarranged tractin lor get o ut of place. They will then be put behind a sizing frame `mounted on a square rod, and several colors may be mounted on this rod 1n the order requlred on the weavers beam in order to make the necessary pattern. 4

The outsides of the two end sections will be protected by metal disks, and the sections will be screwed up tightly so that they again will readily suggest themselves to any one skilledin the art 'withogut departing from the spirit or lscope of our invention.y

We claim: y

1. The method of drying yarn which consists in drawing vit in sheet form from a perforated beam or 'the like on which it has been subjected to wet treatment, and conthe sheet so drawn into a narrow band, t e force applied for the withdrawal of the yarn direct from the beam serving also to draw the narrow band simultaneously through a drying medium.

2. The method of drying yarn contained in a wet state on a beam -or the like consisting in withdrawing the yarn in a sheet `from the beam and contracting the sheet into a narrow band and then drawin the band in spiral form over a heated cyllnder until dry. l

3. The method of drying yarn contained in a wet state von a beam or the like consist.

ing in withdrawing the yarn in a sheet from the beam and contracting .the sheet into a narrow band and then'drawing the band contiguous to two heated surfaces with its opposite sides alternately toward the two surfaces.

4. Thev methodof drying yarn contained lin a wet state on a beam or the like consisting in withdrawing the yarn in a' sheet from the beam and contracting the sheet into a narrow band and then drawing the band over two drying cans with one side of thefband engaging the surface of one can and the other side engaging the surface u l of theother can. v a

g 5. The method of drying Vyarn contained in a wet state on a beam or the like consisting in passing the sheet of yarn from the beam through a contracting member and passing the band, thus formed spirally and oppositely over'two oppositely rotating drying cans. n

6. An apparatus for' the treatment of yarn comprising, in combination with a vholder for a dye beam or the like, a drying mechanism including a power driven device adapted to exert a pull on yarn withdrawn i from a beam in said holder, and a relatively narrow 'guide for the yarn in advance of said mechanism.

7. An apparatus for the treatment of yarn comprising, in combination with a holder for a dye beam or the like, a rotative drying can disposed. adjacentv said holder, and a relatively narrow guide for the yarn in ad-` vance of said can.

8. An apparatus for the treatment of yarn comprising, in combination with a holder holder, a relatively narrow guide for the v yarn in advance of said cans, and a plurality of guides for the'yarn disposed between the two cans at intervals along the length thereof.

10. Anl apparatus for the treatment of yarn comprising, in combination with a holder for a dye beam or the like, a rotative drying can disposed adjacent said holder, a relatively narrow guide for the yarn in advance of said can and means after said can for disposing of the dried yarn.

11. An apparatus for the treatment of yarn comprising, in combination with a holder for a dye beam or the like, two powerdriven, oppositely rotative drying cans adjacent said holder` a relatively narrow guide for the yarn in advance of said cans, a lplurality of guides for the yarn disposed between the two cans at intervals along the length thereof, and means after said cans and driven in conjunction therewith for disposing of said dried yarn.

In witness whereof, we hereunto subscribe our signatures.

JOHN BRANDWOOD. JOSEPH BRANDWOOD. 

